Spring事务管理--(二)嵌套事物详解

一、前言

最近开发程序的时候,出现数据库自增id跳数字情况,无奈之下dba遍查操作日志,没有delete记录。才开始慢慢来查询事物问题。多久以来欠下的账,今天该还给spring事物。 希望大家有所收获。2016年07月19日22:32:38

二、spring嵌套事物

1、展示项目代码--简单测springboot项目

整体项目就这么简单,为了方便。这里就只有biz层与service层,主要作为两层嵌套,大家只要看看大概就ok。后面会给出git项目地址,下载下来看一看就明白,力求最简单。
下面我们分情况介绍异常。
Controller 调用层(没有使用它作为外层,因为controller作为外层要在servlet-mvc.xml 配置就ok。但是我觉得比较麻烦,一般也不推荐)
package com.ycy.app; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @RestController @SpringBootApplication @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) @ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"}) public class Application { @Autowired private TestBiz testBiz; @RequestMapping("/") String home() throws Exception { System.out.println("controller 正常执行"); testBiz.insetTes(); return " 正常返回Hello World!"; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } } 
package com.ycy.app; import com.ycy.service.TestService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/20. */ @Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } } 
Service层 (内层)
package com.ycy.service.impl; import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable; import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num,String name) { YcyTable ycyTable=new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); System.out.println(num+"service正常执行"); } } 

 

2、外部起事物,内部起事物,内外都无Try Catch

外部异常:

代码展示,修改外层Biz层代码如下
@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
打印执行结果:0-3service正常执行 数据库结果:全部数据回滚
外部异常总结:内外都无try Catch的时候,外部异常,全部回滚。
 
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service层代码
package com.ycy.service.impl;

import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;
import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

/**
 * Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
 */
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {
  @Autowired
  private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;

  @Transactional
  public void testInsert(int num, String name) {

    YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();
    ycyTable.setName(name);
    ycyTable.setNum(num);
    ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
    if (num == 3) {
      int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
    }
    System.out.println(num + "service正常执行");

  }
}
打印执行结果:0-3service正常执行 数据库结果:全部数据回滚
内部异常总结:内外都无try Catch的时候,内部异常,全部回滚。
 

3、外部起事物,内部起事物,外部有Try Catch

外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层代码
@Component
public class TestBiz {
  @Autowired
  private TestService testService;
  @Transactional
  public void insetTes() {
    try {
      for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
        testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");

        if (j == 3) {
          int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println("异常日志处理");
    }
    System.out.println("biz层 正常执行");
  }
}
打印结果:0-3执行正常数据库结果:4条数据
 
外部异常总结:外部有try Catch时候,外部异常,不能回滚(事物错误)
 
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service层代码:
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {
  @Autowired
  private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;

  @Transactional
  public void testInsert(int num, String name) {

    YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();
    ycyTable.setName(name);
    ycyTable.setNum(num);
    ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
    if (num == 3) {
      int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
    }
    System.out.println(num + "service正常执行");
  }
}
打印结果:0-2打印正常 数据库结果:无数据,全部数据回滚
内部异常总结:外部有try Catch时候,内部异常,全部回滚
 

4、外部起事物,内部起事物,内部有Try Catch

外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层:
@Component
public class TestBiz {
  @Autowired
  private TestService testService;

  @Transactional
  public void insetTes() {
    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
      testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");
      if (j == 3) {
        int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
      }
    }
    System.out.println("biz层 正常执行");
  }
}
打印结果:0-3service打印正常 数据库结果:无数据,全部数据回滚

外部异常总结:内部有try Catch,外部异常,全部回滚
 
内部异常:
修改service层代码:
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {
  @Autowired
  private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;

  @Transactional
  public void testInsert(int num, String name) {
    try {
      YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();
      ycyTable.setName(name);
      ycyTable.setNum(num);
      ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
      if (num == 3) {
        int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println(num + "service异常日志");
    }
    System.out.println(num + "service正常执行");

  }
}

打印结果:0-0service打印正常 数据库结果:没有回滚
内部异常总结:内部有try Catch,内部异常,全部不回滚(事物失败);
 

5、外部起事物,内部起事物,内外有Try Catch

外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层:
@Component
public class TestBiz {
  @Autowired
  private TestService testService;

  @Transactional
  public void insetTes() {
    try {
      for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
        testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");
        if (j == 3) {
          int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println("biz层异常日志处理");
    }
    System.out.println("biz层 正常执行");
  }
}

打印结果:0-3service打印正常 数据库结果:插入三条数据,没有回滚
外部异常总结:内外都有try Catch,外部异常,事物执行一半(事物失败)
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service 层代码
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {
  @Autowired
  private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;

  @Transactional
  public void testInsert(int num, String name) {
    try {
      YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();
      ycyTable.setName(name);
      ycyTable.setNum(num);
      ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
      if (num == 3) {
        int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println(num + "service异常日志处理");
    }
    System.out.println(num + "service正常执行");
  }
}
打印结果:0-7service打印正常,3异常日子好 数据库结果:插入全部,没有回滚
内部事物总结:内外都有try Catch,内部异常,事物全部不会滚(事物失败)
 

三、嵌套事物总结

事物成功总结
1、内外都无try Catch的时候,外部异常,全部回滚。
2、内外都无try Catch的时候,内部异常,全部回滚。
3、外部有try Catch时候,内部异常,全部回滚
4、内部有try Catch,外部异常,全部回滚
5、友情提示:外层方法中调取其他接口,或者另外开启线程的操作,一定放到最后!!!(因为调取接口不能回滚,一定要最后来处理)
 
总结:由于上面的异常被捕获导致,很多事务回滚失败。如果一定要将捕获,请捕获后又抛出RuntimeException(默认为异常捕获RuntimeException)。
 

四、正确的嵌套事物实例

controller层
package com.ycy.app;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
 */
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
@ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"})
public class Application {
  @Autowired
  private TestBiz testBiz;

  @RequestMapping("/")
  String home()  {
    System.out.println("controller 正常执行");
    try {
      testBiz.insetTes();
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println("controller 异常日志执行");
    }

    return " 正常返回Hello World!";
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  }
}
 
外层biz层:
package com.ycy.app;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.ycy.service.TestService;

/**
 * Created by ycy on 16/7/20.
 */
@Component
public class TestBiz {
  @Autowired
  private TestService testService;

  @Transactional
  public void insetTes() throws Exception {
    try {
      for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
        testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名");
        if (j == 3) {
          int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println("biz层异常日志处理");
      throw new RuntimeException(ex);
    }

    System.out.println("biz层 正常执行");
  }
}
 
内层service层
package com.ycy.service.impl;

import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;
import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

/**
 * Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
 */
@Service
public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService {
  @Autowired
  private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
  @Transactional
  public void testInsert(int num, String name) throws Exception {
    try {
      YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable();
      ycyTable.setName(name);
      ycyTable.setNum(num);
      ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
      if (num== 3) {
        int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常
      }
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println(num + "service异常日志处理");
        throw new RuntimeException(ex);
    }
    System.out.println(num + "service正常执行");
  }
}